Research and Publication Misconduct
Journal Policy for Research and Publication Misconduct

The editorial board will observe publishing misconduct such as duplicate publication, plagiarism, false or fabricated (data, images, and figures). changes in authorship, unexplained conflict of interest, ethical issues with a submitted manuscript. If a manuscript faces suspected cases of research or publication misconduct, recommendations from the "Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE)" will be followed.



Journal Policy on retracting a published paper

The Editor in chief will consider retracting a paper in the following situations:

There is clear evidence that the findings are unreliable, resulting from misconduct such as data fabrication, miscalculation, and experimental error.
The findings have previously been published elsewhere without proper cross-referencing, permission or justification.
The paper constitutes plagiarism
The paper reports unethical research